In membrane filtration today, polymers like poly(ether)sulfones, polysiloxanes, and polyamides are the most common materials used to create the barrier and achieve the separation. Membranes with different pore sizes are available for different particles.
An overview of membrane filtration classification and the contaminants that can be removed by microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO):
Removable Particles | PORE SIZE | |
MF | Pollen, Asbestos, Bacteria, Cells | 0.1 - 1 µm |
UF | Virus, Colloidals, Emulsions, Turbidity |
5 - 100 nm |
NF | Vitamins, Sugars, Colour |
1 - 5 nm |
RO | Salts, small organic substances | 0.1 - 1 nm |
Separation in RO is achieved by applying a pressure on the contaminated solution that is higher than its osmotic pressure. This makes it possible to remove ions from water and, for example, desalinate seawater under pressures between 60 and 80 bar (870 to 1160 psi).
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Learn all about our filtration spectrum on the filtration spectrum page.
The Aquaflex modules for the treatment of surface water, WWTP effluent and the production of potable water are the ultimate pretreatment technology for downstream RO systems.
The Compact 27 is a tubular 8 mm ultrafiltration membrane module, used in cross-flow mode to separate water from relatively high solids applications and produce high effluent quality.
The Compact 33 is a tubular 5.2 mm ultrafiltration membrane used in cross-flow mode in MBR’s and other high solids applications, and for separating oil from water in produced water.
The Compact 33V is a tubular 5.2 mm ultrafiltration membrane module for use in AirLift™ MBR process or in cross-flow installations, for separating oil and sludge from water.
The X-Flow HFS60 is a polymeric ultrafiltration module for the removal of colloidal matter, such as silica, in the treatment of surface water, ground water, and effluent, and pretreatment in demin plants.
The X-Flow HFW1000 hollow fiber nanofiltration membranes provide superior removal of organic matter and color components in the treatment of surface water and WWTP effluent, with a limited reduction of bivalent salts.
The Pentair X-Flow R100 microfiltration Membrane Element has been the chosen method of filtration for wines, wine must, juices, milk, vinegar and beer.
The R30 membrane modules deliver a superior filtration method in the production of food & beverages, including beer, wine, cider and milk.
Seaflex membrane modules are known as the ultimate choice for the pretreatment stage in seawater SWRO systems, and are being applied in seawater desalination systems across the globe.
Applied in large-scale desalination systems, Seaguard UF membranes provide an excellent pretreatment method for SWRO plants with feed water containing suspended solids levels of up to 75 mg/L.
The X-Flow ShowerFilter Deluxe membrane filter provides convenient and reliable protection against waterborne pathogenic bacteria, such as Legionella.
The Xiga ultrafiltration (UF) membrane modules are used for large-scale water treatment. Surface water or well water with suspended solids levels of up to 50 mg/l can be treated to the highest standards.
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